Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, or OCD, involves having obsessive thinking patterns that can include unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that make a person feel anxious or distressed.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in children and adolescents is characterized by persistent, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) that the individual feels compelled to perform. These obsessions can cause significant anxiety, and the compulsions are carried out in an attempt to alleviate that distress.
Common obsessions in young people may include:
- Fear of contamination
- Fear of harm coming to oneself or loved ones
- Intrusive thoughts about taboo subjects (such as violent thoughts)
- Fear of making mistakes or being responsible for something terrible happening
- Need for symmetry and order
Common compulsions in young people might include:
- Excessive hand washing or cleaning
- Repeatedly checking things
- Counting, tapping, or repeating certain words or actions
- Excessively organizing things in a certain order
- Seeking reassurance (constantly asking parents if everything is okay)
These unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors can interfere with daily activities, school performance and social interactions affecting both peer and family relationships.
Treatment often includes:
Treatment for OCD typically involves a combination of psychotherapy and medications.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), specifically particularly exposure and response prevention (ERP), is the most effective treatment for OCD. This approach involves gradually exposing the individual to their fears while preventing the compulsive behaviors, helping them build tolerance to anxiety and reduce the need for rituals.
Medications used to treat OCD include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as fluoxetine, sertraline, and fluvoxamine. These medications help by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which can reduce the intensity of obsessions and compulsions. These medications are often used in combination with therapy to provide a comprehensive approach to managing OCD symptoms and improving overall functioning.
Family support and involvement in the treatment process are vital, as parents and caregivers can play a crucial role in reinforcing therapeutic strategies and creating a supportive environment.
With appropriate treatment and ongoing support, children and adolescents with OCD can learn to manage their symptoms and lead fulfilling lives.
If your child has been diagnosed with OCD and is in need of medical treatment or you are concerned your child may have OCD and are looking for a diagnosis, please call our office to schedule an appointment.